Pharos Lighthouse Original Site

The Pharos Lighthouse, constructed around 280 BCE on the small island of Pharos by the Ptolemaic King Ptolemy II, stood as one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. Designed by the Greek architect Sostratus of Cnidus, the lighthouse soared approximately 100 meters high, facilitating safe navigation for vessels entering the bustling harbor of Alexandria. It was adorned with statues, including one of Zeus, and used an innovative system of mirrors to reflect sunlight during the day and fire by night, guiding sailors safely to shore. Over the centuries, the lighthouse endured several earthquakes, with significant damage occurring in 956, 1303, and 1323 CE, leading to its eventual decline. By the 15th century, the structure had largely crumbled, and its stones were repurposed to build the Citadel of Qaitbay, which now occupies the site. Despite its destruction, the Pharos Lighthouse remains a symbol of Alexandria's rich maritime history and architectural ingenuity, captivating historians and tourists alike. For modern visitors, the original site of the Pharos Lighthouse offers a unique glimpse into antiquity. While the lighthouse itself no longer stands, the Citadel of Qaitbay offers stunning views of the Mediterranean Sea and serves as an informative monument to Alexandria's historical significance. Travelers can explore the citadel's museum, which showcases artifacts from the lighthouse and the ancient city, making this site an essential stop for anyone interested in Egypt's storied past. Visitor planning: Knowledge-layer or research-oriented record. Do not route ordinary tourists here unless current public access is separately confirmed. This attraction forms part of Eastern Harbour Historic Landscape. Parent-site context: Historic eastern harbour landscape of Alexandria, shaped from the Hellenistic city through later medieval and modern phases. Alexandria’s Eastern Harbour occupies part of the ancient maritime setting of the city founded in 331 BCE. Its importance developed through the Ptolemaic and Roman eras and continued to change in medieval and modern Alexandria. Qaitbay Citadel, added in the late 15th century at the harbour entrance, is a much later layer and should not be used to date the harbour itself. Plan roughly 15 to 45 minutes for this component. The recorded recommended transport mode is taxi or ride hail.